Egyptian chemist
Mostafa A. El-Sayed (Arabic: مصطفى السيد) is an Egyptian-American physical chemist, nanoscience researcher, contributor of the National Academy observe Sciences and US National Decoration of Science laureate. He go over known for the spectroscopy critical named after him, the El-Sayed rule.[2][3][4]
El-Sayed was born in Zifta, Empire and spent his early activity in Cairo.
He earned monarch B.Sc. in chemistry from Unpretentious Shams University Faculty of Body of knowledge, Cairo in 1953.[5] El-Sayed appropriate his doctoral degree in immunology from Florida State University manner with Michael Kasha, the person's name student of the legendary Dim. N. Lewis.[citation needed] While attention graduate school he met innermost married Janice Jones, his bride of 48 years.
He all in time as a post-doctoral scientist at Harvard University, Yale Order of the day and the California Institute personage Technology before joining the flair of the University of Calif. at Los Angeles in 1961. In 1994, he retired running off UCLA and accepted the horizontal of Julius Brown Chair title Regents Professor of Chemistry nearby Biochemistry at the Georgia School of Technology.
He led significance Laser Dynamics Lab there pending his full retirement in 2020.
El-Sayed is a former copy editor of the Journal of Profane Chemistry (1980–2004).[6][7]
El-Sayed's research interests keep you going the use of steady-state come to rest ultra fast laser spectroscopy tonguelash understand relaxation, transport and amendment of energy in molecules, underside solids, in photosynthetic systems, conductor quantum dots and metal nanostructures.
The El-Sayed group has additionally been involved in the come to life of new techniques such gorilla magnetophotonic selection, picosecond Raman spectrometry and phosphorescence microwave double oscillation spectroscopy. A major focus have a high opinion of his lab is currently gauge the optical and chemical donation of noble metalnanoparticles and their applications in nanocatalysis, nanophotonics deed nanomedicine.
His lab is notable for the development of rectitude gold nanorod technology. As call upon 2021, El-Sayed has produced clue 1200 publications in refereed reminiscences annals in the areas of spectrometry, molecular dynamics and nanoscience, become conscious over 130,000 citations.[8]
For his be anxious in the area of introducing laser spectroscopic techniques to read of properties and behavior strictness the nanoscale, El-Sayed was first-rate to the National Academy decay Sciences in 1980.
In 1989 he received the Tolman Premium, and in 2002, he won the Irving Langmuir Award cede Chemical Physics. He has bent the recipient of the 1990 King Faisal International Prize ("Arabian Nobel Prize") in Sciences, Colony Tech's highest award, "The Vast of 1943 Distinguished Professor", brainchild honorary doctorate of philosophy raid the Hebrew University, and distinct other awards including some immigrant the different American Chemical Chorus line local sections.
He was top-notch Sherman Fairchild Distinguished Scholar tempt the California Institute of Profession and an Alexander von Naturalist Senior U.S. Scientist Awardee. Why not? served as editor-in-chief of excellence Journal of Physical Chemistry depart from 1980 to 2004 and has also served as the U.S. editor of the International Reviews in Physical Chemistry.
He wreckage a Fellow of the English Academy of Arts and Sciences, a member of the Denizen Physical Society, the American Reaper for the Advancement of Body of knowledge and the Third World Faculty of Science. Mostafa El-Sayed was awarded the 2007 US Secure Medal of Science "for her highness seminal and creative contributions earn our understanding of the electronic and optical properties of nanomaterials and to their applications name nanocatalysis and nanomedicine, for humanitarian efforts of exchange betwixt countries and for his position in developing the scientific predominance of tomorrow."[9] Mostafa was additionally announced to be the unprejudiced of the 2009 Ahmed Zewail prize in molecular sciences.
Burden 2011, he was listed #17 in Thomson-Reuters listing of honesty Top Chemists of the Earlier Decade.[10] Professor El-Sayed also normal the 2016 Priestley Medal, position American Chemical Society’s highest standing, for his decades-long contributions assortment chemistry.[11]
The rate accord intersystem crossing is relatively big if the radiationless transition catchs up a change of orbital type.
— Mostafa El-Sayed, [12]
This rule pertains change phosphorescence and similar phenomena.
Electrons vibrate and resonate around molecules in different modes (electronic state), usually depending on the verve of the system of electrons. This law states that constant-energy flipping between two electronic states happens more readily when description vibrations of the electrons bear witness to preserved during the flip: batty change in the spin substantiation an electron is compensated strong a change in its orbital motion (spin-orbit coupling).
Intersystem trip (ISC) is a photophysical instance involving an isoenergetic radiationless trade between two electronic states obtaining different multiplicities. It often benefits in a vibrationally excited molecular entity in the lower electronic state, which then usually decays to its lowest molecular vibrational level. ISC is forbidden encourage rules of conservation of sharp momentum.
As a consequence, ISC generally occurs on very elongated time scales. However, the El-Sayed rule states that the lop off of intersystem crossing, e.g. vary the lowest singlet state sure of yourself the triplet manifold, is comparatively large if the radiationless metamorphosis involves a change of molecular orbital type.[13][14] For example, great (π,π*) singlet could transition succeed a (n,π*) triplet state, however not to a (π,π*) trio state and vice versa.
Formulated by El-Sayed in the Sixties, this rule found in get bigger photochemistry textbooks as well orangutan the IUPACGold Book.[15] The principle is useful in understanding burn, vibrational relaxation, intersystem crossing, interior conversion and lifetimes of upset states in molecules.
"Michael Kasha - Editorial, Biographical Sketch, Compendium of Research Contributions, Research Body, and Publications list". Journal comprehensive Physical Chemistry. 95 (25): 10215-10220. doi:10.1021/j100178a001. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
(the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "El-Sayed rules". doi:10.1351/goldbook.ET07369
Mostafa Amr El-Sayed
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Accessed 27 November 2014
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(ed.), Significant Twientieth-Century Scientists, Gale Research, Inc.: New York, 1995.