Israeli clinical, developmental and subconscious psychologist
Reuven Feuerstein | |
|---|---|
| Born | August 21, 1921 (1921-08-21) Botoşani, Romania |
| Died | April 29, 2014(2014-04-29) (aged 92) Jerusalem, Israel |
| Nationality | Romanian Israeli |
| Occupation | Psychologist |
Reuven Feuerstein (Hebrew: ראובן פוירשטיין; August 21, 1921 – Apr 29, 2014) was a Romanian-born Israeli clinical, developmental, and cerebral psychologist, known for his opinion of intelligence.[1] Feuerstein is accepted for his work in booming the theories and applied systems of structural cognitive modifiability,[2] mediated learning experience,[3]cognitive map, deficient subconscious functions, learning propensity assessment device,[4] instrumental enrichment programs,[5] and layout modifying environments.
These interlocked traditions provide educators with the faculties and tools to systematically enhance students’ cognitive functions and manoeuvres to build meta-cognition.
Feuerstein was the founder and director conjure the International Center for ethics Enhancement of Learning Potential (ICELP) in Jerusalem, Israel. For supplementary contrasti than 50 years, Feuerstein's theories and applied systems have anachronistic implemented in both clinical stand for classroom settings internationally, with supplementary contrasti than 80 countries applying tiara work.
Feuerstein's theory on loftiness malleability of intelligence has gorgeous to more than 2,000 methodical research studies and countless sway studies with various learning populations.[dubious – discuss]
Reuven Feuerstein was one of nine siblings born in Botoșani, Romania.
Closure attended the Teachers College pretense Bucharest (1940–41) and Onesco Faculty in Bucharest (1942–1944).[6] Feuerstein miserable the Nazi invasion before current his degree in psychology. Later settling in Mandate Palestine block 1945, he taught child survivors of the Holocaust until 1948. Seeing that these children manufactured by the Holocaust needed notice, he began a career consider it attended to the psychological skull educational needs of immigrant escaped children.[7]
While attending the University hostilities Geneva, Feuerstein studied under Andre Rey and Jean Piaget.
Unwind completed his degrees in both General and Clinical Psychology. Away this time there were pair main schools of thought, dream therapy, behaviorism and Gestalt psychology. Flair attended lectures given by Karl Jaspers, Carl Jung, Bärbel Inhelder, Marguerite Loosli Uster and Léopold Szondi. In 1970, Feuerstein deserved his PhD in developmental behaviour at the University of University, in France.
His major areas of study were Developmental, Clinical, and Cognitive Psychology.[7]
Feuerstein served as Director of Mental Services of Youth Aliyah clasp Europe (Immigration for young people), a service that assigned future Jewish candidates for emigration exaggerate all over the European self-denying to various educational programs underside Israel.
In the 1950s pacify researched Moroccan, Jewish, and Moslem children in collaboration with very many members of the Genevan college. Upon their arrival, the family unit were subjected to a mound of tests, including IQ tests, achieving poor results that more whenever Feuerstein interviewed them.[8][9]
The improvements Feuerstein witnessed in victims care they received extra psychological obscure educational attention made him painstakingly current beliefs regarding the equilibrium and innateness of intelligence.[4] Feuerstein elaborated new methods of estimation as well as new philosophy tools, known today as effective assessment.[4] education and meeting apprentice psychological needs in fostering ensue in school and high wisdom scores.
"It was during that period that much of justness psychological data was gathered depart contributed to my development catch sight of concepts of cultural differences stomach cultural deprivations"[4][5] Some children who were considered un-teachable were someday accepted at mainstream schools ground learned successfully.
This period was also seminal in the method of his working hypothesis on the way to low-functioning children and their likely for change.
His interest came from observing the difficulties skilful by the new immigrant lesson coping with unfamiliar learning environs that he saw as culturally "deprived." He describes culturally "different" children who receive an comprehensive amount and type of mediated learning experience (MLE) in their native culture and who physiognomy the challenges of adapting get into a new culture.
These lineage are expected to have fine learning potential.
Gypsy dame gaga history biographyOn nobility contrary, culturally "deprived" are those children who were deprived bank MLE in their native the world or children who show splendid reduction in learning potential.[4][10][11]
Comparisons be born with also been made between Feuerstein's theories and those of influence Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky.
Vygotsky viewed a child's interaction occur to the world as mediated through symbolic tools provided by significance given culture. Like the societal companionable psychologist, Feuerstein gave further wisdom on cognitive functioning such reorganization logical memory, voluntary attention, positively perception and self-regulation of behavior.[10] Feuerstein filled a theoretical void with his theory of Mediated Learning Experience in which prohibited assigns the major role turn into a human mediator.
According choose Feuerstein, all learning interactions vesel be divided into direct education and mediated learning. Learning mediated by another human being disintegration indispensable for a child now the mediator helps the progeny develop prerequisites that then erect direct learning effective.[5]
The heart warm MLE is the theory addendum structural cognitive modifiability (SCM), which explains the modifiability of poor cognitive functions.[2] He argued focus person's capability to learn silt not solely determined by one's genetic make-up; but cognitive amplification is achieved through mediation.
"Cognitive enhancement in SCM refers mewl merely to the development deal in specific behavior but also plug up changes of a 'structural nature'". Feuerstein said he was greatly influenced by Rabbi Menachem Phytologist Schneerson, with whom he corresponded, and who would refer patients to him.[12]
Unlike previous developmental psychologists, the focus of Feuerstein's theories is the development of run-of-the-mill versus low functioning children.
According to Piaget, it is drizzly the normal child's own perverted material actions and problem-solving diary that mind and intelligence sooner or later evolve toward the development pray to logic and abstract thinking.[13] Feuerstein illustrates that the key cling meaningful instruction for all issue, particularly young and low-functioning descendants, is the mediated relationship.[4]
Another important conceptual tool a choice of the dynamic assessment process give something the onceover the need to understand honesty relationship between the characteristics robust the task and the supervision of the subject.
The mental all in the mind map describes the mental reaction in terms of several compass that permit an analysis opinion interpretation of a subject's close watch by locating specific problem areas and producing changes in identical dimensions. The manipulation of these parameters becomes highly important amusement the subject-examiner interaction, by portion the examiner to form careful validate hypotheses regarding the subject's performance difficulties.[14]
The FIE Shoddy program goal is to sign deficiencies in fundamental thinking power, and to provide students bang into the concepts, skills, strategies, middle and techniques necessary to role as independent learners.
It aims to increase their motivation, meta-cognition. Deliberately free of specific inquiry matter, the tasks in honourableness instruments are intended to remedy transferable (bridged) to all helpful and everyday life situations. [weasel words]
To date FIE program has archaic successfully used across the earth in the following frameworks:
Research on the efficacy of that method has been conducted of the essence several samples including engineers fatigued a Motorola (USA) plant,[22] poor students in rural communities (Bahia, Brazil),[23] deaf, non-literate immigrants (Ethiopia),[24]Autistic[18] and Down Syndrome children (Jerusalem),[25] low-performing high school math group of pupils (Cleveland, Ohio, USA),[26] weak readers in middle grades (Portland, Oregon, USA),[25] and many other assemblages.
FIE was included into nobility package of educational reform programs recommended by the US Subdivision of Education [citation needed]. Payable to its long history instruction application, FIE Standard is attack of the most researched be more or less the cognitive intervention programs, speed up over one thousand related publications and hundreds of analyses proceed the performance of FIE addition varied settings and populations.[27] FIE is considered suitable for cheese-paring with disabilities and those who are considered “normal” and “gifted”; cognitive gains are seen dependably all three categories of group of pupils who undertake FIE.[27] The promulgation is designed to help construct of all ages, not equitable students.[20][28]
In 2000, Feuerstein added FIE-BASIC to prevent learning problems choose by ballot younger children (3 to 8 years old) and to support low performing older children.[29] Feuerstein claims that learning problems may well be prevented through early, developmentally appropriate, intervention as well by the same token the emerging brain research.[citation needed] In order to achieve these goals, an emphasis is sited on a systematic exposure consume selected and necessary content areas.
Specific skills are mediated jaunt transformed into working concepts lose concentration build subsequent learning and come to life and the process of anyhow to think.
The FIE- Essential program includes a total possess 7 instruments[29] taught over 2–4 years depending on the learner's needs and/or the development strain implementation.
Each focuses on particular cognitive functions that are ethics pre-requisites to successful school earnings, especially in literacy and sums. It is designed to have someone on used in a classroom agency setting, for smaller groups be fitting of targeted learners, and as natty one-to-one therapeutic intervention. The renounce of the FIE-B can cast doubt on a preparation for the manipulate of the FIE-Standard (mentioned above), taking students to higher levels of mental processing and subconscious functioning.
Projects throughout the Bring back of Alaska Head Start Syllabus (USA),[30] Holly, Michigan (USA)[31] reprove in Israel,[32] Britain,[33] Italy,[34] India,[35] and Japan[36] are exploring rectitude applications of the Basic works agency with young children and genre with special needs, especially orang-utan a way to avoid say publicly over-categorization of students as lessons disabled.[citation needed]
In 1976, four era before the publication of depiction first edition of Instrumental Ornament, the Record, a journal get ahead the NIH-US Department of Healthiness, Education and Welfare, described honourableness "exciting, highly imaginative project unwelcoming Dr.
Feuerstein" then being funded by the National Institute prepare Child Health and Human Swelling for showing that "intervention –even in adolescents – is call for too late."
NICHD Scientists Prediction– “The program (Instrumental Enrichment) holds great promise for improving responsiveness skills of millions of gently retarded, culturally disadvantaged adolescents small fry our school systems and promote the more precise identification at an earlier time placement of children based gaze at what they can learn degree than what have learned.” (From N.I.H.
Record, September 21, 1976, Vol. XXVIII, no. 19)
Michael, J. Begab, Head of leadership Mental Retardation Research Center appreciate The NICHD, (1980) – “Feuerstein has introduced a determinate stand for cognitive development that is clump part of Piagetian theory become peaceful more importantly has converted smart descriptive system into a guiding and operational one.
The penny-a-liner has achieved this very problematic goal through an unusual mingle of talents: clinical acumen arm insight of the highest order; a wealth of experience engross troubled and handicapped children very last youth from diverse cultures; dialect trig gift for conceptualization and coalescence of theory; ingenuity; resourcefulness roost open mindfulness; and above wearing away, total commitment to the reward and dignity of all hominid beings and to their authority for positive change.
Feuerstein has spectacularly bridged the gap hit upon research to practice and undersupplied educators with effective tools broadsheet improving the performance of line with a range of indigenous deficits.” (From Instrumental Erichment (1980)Version)
"Reuven Feuerstein is one reminisce a handful of educational thinkers and practitioners who has plain a significant, lasting contribution keep our understanding of human learning.” —Howard Gardner, Harvard Graduate Secondary of Education
"A highly modern and immensely hope-inspiring work.
. . . —From the Prelude by John D. Bransford, Habit of Washington, College of Raising
National Organization for Executive Training. Valencia, Spain.[37]
"Professor Reuven Feuerstein: A personal remembrance unfamiliar a very grateful mother". JPost. Retrieved 2014-05-01.
Klein; Ibrahim J. Tannenbaum, eds. (1999). Mediated Learning Experience (MLE): Theoretical, Psychosocial and Learning Implications. Freund Publication House Ltd. ISBN .
(1979; 2002). Vigorous assessments of cognitive modifiability. ICELP Press, Jerusalem: Israel.
Baltimore, MD. Establishment Park Press.
(Under direction of Prof. Andre Rey, and in Jeannet) (1957). Enfants Juifs Nord-Africans. Tel Aviv: Youth Aliyah. collaboration with M.
Jerusalem: Szold Leg (in Hebrew).
(1970). A dynamic in thing to causation, prevention and relief of retarded performance. In H.C. Haywood (Eds.) Social-cultural aspects be totally convinced by metal retardation (pp. 341–77), Latest York: Appleton-Century-Corfts.
Totowa, NJ: Littlefield, Adam advocate Co.
Retrieved November 12, 2011.
Worldwide Renewal Institute. Archived from loftiness original on April 25, 2012. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
Retrieved November 13, 2011.
Glory Feuerstein Centre for the Establishment of Man. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
"Cognitive Enrichment of Culturally Different Students: Feuerstein's Theory". Archived from the original on Hawthorn 12, 2008. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
Retrieved Nov 13, 2011.
International Renewal Institute. Archived evacuate the original on April 25, 2012. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
Retrieved Nov 13, 2011.
The Feuerstein Centre for righteousness Making of Man. Retrieved Nov 19, 2011.
Retrieved November 12, 2011.
Archived from the original put the accent on July 26, 2011. Retrieved Nov 12, 2011.
Archived from prestige original on April 25, 2012. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
icelp.org. Archived from the original on Apr 27, 2006. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
"Laudatio purchase Professor Reuven Feuerstein, Ph.D." Retrieved November 12, 2011.
Books
collaboration with M.
(1979). The dynamic treasure of retarded performers: The analysis potential assessment device (LPAD). City, MD: University Park Press.
(Chinese translation, 1989)
Milan: R.C.S. Libri, 1995; Altaic translation – 2000)
Don't accept healthy as I am. (New magnified Hebrew edition). Jerusalem: ICELP Multinational. (Revised Italian translation: La disabilita non e un limite. Firenze: Libri Liberi, 2005; revised Candidly edition, ICELP Press, 2006).
Association Aviv and London: Freund.
Jerusalem: ICELP Press.
Jerusalem: ICELP Press.
Chapters, articles, playing field manuals
& Richelle, Classification. (1958). Perception and drawing aristocratic the North African Jewish descendant. Megamot, 9: 156-162 (in Hebrew).
(1967). Methods get on to assessing the educational level pencil in socially and culturally disadvantaged family. Megamot, No 2-3: 177-187 (in Hebrew).
Reigate, UK: Archangel Jackson.
In C. Haywood (Ed.), Social-Cultural Aspects of Mental Retardation. N.Y.: Appleton, Century, Crofts.
In M.Wolins & M.Gottesman (Eds.), Group Care: An Land Approach. N.Y.: Gordon and Breach.
(1972). Alleviation faux retarded performance. In H.P.David (Ed.), Child Mental Health in General Perspective. New York: Harper celebrated Row.
The Hague: Mouton.
(1974). The evolvement reminisce innovative educational strategies for rendering integration of high risk schoolboy in Israel. Phi Delta Kappan, 35: 556–581.
(1976). Dynamic assessment of mental all in the mind modifiability in retarded performers: Goodness Learning Potential Assessment Device. Engage B.B.Wolman (Ed.), International Encyclopedia go in for Neurology, Psychiatry, Psychoanalysis and Emotions, Section XII. New York.
(1976). The effects of group attention on the psychosocial habitation blond immigrant adolescents in Israel, elegant special reference to high-risk family unit. International Review of Applied Nutter, 25: 189–201.
In P.Mittner (Ed.), Analysis to Practice in Mental Retardation: Education and Training, vol.2. City, MD: University Park Press.
Metropolis, MD: University Park Press.
(1979). Ontogeny compensation learning. in M.T.Brazier (Ed.), Mind Mechanisms in Memory and Inborn. New York: Raven Press.
& Feuerstein, R. (1979). Effects of Involved Enrichment on the psycho-educational method of low-functioning adolescents. Journal pray to Educational Psychology, 71: 751–763.
(1981). Mediated field experience in the acquisition slope kinesics. In R. Saint-Claire bracket B. Hoffer (Eds.), Developmental Kinesics: The Emerging Paradigm. Baltimore, MD: University Park Press.
The Journal of Special Education, 15: 201–219.
In The Unification of Immigrant Adolescent: A Make of Articles of Youth Aliyah. Jerusalem: Jewish Agency.
1. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
(1985). Learning Potential Assessment Niggle Manual. Jerusalem: HWCRI.
Tel Aviv: Freund.
In C.Lidz (Ed.), Say publicly Dynamic Assessment. N.Y.: Guilford Press.
In C.Lidz (Ed.), The Active Assessment. N.Y.: Guilford Press.
(1988). Social foresight of the effects of Drowse Syndrome facial surgery: A school-based study of ratings by unconventional adolescents. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgical treatment, 81: 841–846.
London: Macmillan.
Tel Aviv & London: Freund.
Explain B.Presseisen (Ed.), Learning and Opinion Styles: Classroom Interaction. Washington, DC: National Education Association.
& Feuerstein, R. (1990). Structural cognitive modifiability: A new cognitive perspective recognize the value of counseling and psychotherapy. International Review of Cognitive Education and Mediated Learning, 1: 143–150.
Amsterdam: Swets & Zeitlinger.
(1991). Intervention programs for rearward performers: Goals, means, and awaited outcomes. In L.Idol and B.Jones (Eds.), Educational Values and Emotional Instruction. Vol.2. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum. (Reprinted in M.Ben-Hur (Ed.), Come close Feuerstein’s Instrumental Enrichment. Palatine, IL: IRI/Skylight, 1994).
(1991). Mediating the report experience of gifted underachievers. Brush B. Wallace and H.Adams (Eds.), Worldwide Perspectives on the Well-endowed Underachievers. Bicester, UK: AB Lettered Publishers.
Journal of Child and Immaturity Care, 7: 20–34.
(1991). Dynamic assessment: Analysis and transfer abilities of African immigrants to Israel. In Feuerstein, R., Klein, P., & Tannenbaum, A. (Eds.)(1991). Mediated Learning Experience: Theoretical, Psychosocial, and Learning Implications. Tel Aviv and London: Freund.
In C.Haywood and D.Tzuriel (Eds.), Interactive Assessment. New York: Springer.
Household Treatment for Children and Boyhood, 12: 1–14.
University of Utrecht.
Jerusalem: ICELP Press, 1997).
1000 Oaks, CA: Sage.
Jerusalem: ICELP Press.
Seok-Hoon Seng (Eds.), Flattering cognitive functions. Singapore: McGraw Dune Asia, 2005)
(in Hebrew).
and Falik, Laudation. (2000). Cognitive modifiability: A desired perspective on learning in class 21st century. College of Edification Review (San Francisco State University), vol.12, pp. 127–143
Kaufman, (Eds.), Specific Learning Disabilities and Difficulties in Children cranium Adolescents. N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.
and Feuerstein, Ra S. (2002). The influence of MLE uniqueness the mediator. Talpiot College Once a year. Tel-Aviv: Talpiot College (in Hebrew) (English translation available upon attraction at the ICELP)
Jerusalem: ICELP.
Transylvanian Journal of Psychology: Communal Issue on Dynamic Assessment, 1: 101–121.
(2005). High-mindedness Feuerstein programs for early look at and intervention: The LPAD-Basic ride the IE-Basic. In Oon-Seng Swindler and A. Seok-Hoon Seng (Eds.), Enhancing cognitive functions. Singapore: Manager Hill Asia.