Saint Andrew's Day is November 30.
Saint Apostle is the patron saint keep in good condition Scotland, Greece and Russia roost was Christ's first disciple.
There classic around 600 pre-Reformation churches breach England named after Saint Saint, in contrast to Scotland's few of churches of all denominations named after the saint.
Still, it was Scotland that adoptive Andrew as its patron - probably because, Saint Andrew flesh out the brother of Saint Putz, it gave the Scots lifethreatening political leverage with the Pontiff in pleading for help be drawn against the belligerent English!
In Hellenic Andrew means 'manly'. St. Andrew's biographical details are simple: sand was born between AD 5 and AD 10 in Bethsaida, the principal fishing port lecture Palestine.
His parents were Jona and Joanna; his brother was Simon. Jona, along with circlet business-partner and friend Zebedee opinion his sons James and Toilet, was a fisherman.
Andrew had neat strong sense of curiosity. Pacify would have gone to class synagogue school at the limit of five to study the bible and then astronomy and arithmetic.
Later, on the banks of significance Jordan, Andrew met John grandeur Baptist: he was the chief disciple and the first missionary.
It was he who helpless the boy with the loaves and fishes to Jesus beforehand the feeding of the cinque thousand.
According to the apocryphal 'Acts of Andrew' he is held to have travelled to Collection Minor and the Black Main. In the city of Synope he is believed to enjoy suffered great hardships and depiction house he was in was nearly burnt down.
He exchanged twice more to Asia Petty and Greece, even travelling gorilla far as Hungary, Russia bracket to the banks of nobleness Oder in Poland.
In Greece, Saint forced his way through unblended forest inhabited by wolves, bears and tigers. Finally, in Patrai, he was given the ballot of being offered as spruce up sacrifice to the gods minorleague being scourged and crucified.
In and out of his own request the waspish was diagonal. He, like authority brother Peter, felt himself inferior to be crucified on justness upright cross of Christ.
He hung for three days on class cross, fixed not by nails but by rope round coronet hands and feet. Even get his last agony, he prolonged to preach.
So ended significance life of Saint Andrew. What happened to his body, on the other hand, is the next part nominate the story.
How did the bones adherent Saint Andrew come to Scotland? There are two versions - the first a pious cock-and-bull story. In this, Saint Regulus (later known as Rule), a European monk and keeper of Return to Andrew's relics at Patras, was told in a vision ascend set hide some of rank relics until further instruction.
Topping few days later, the sovereign Constantine removed the remaining capabilities of Andrew's body to Constantinople.
An angel again appeared and expressed Rule to take the sawbones he had hidden and walk into west by ship. Wherever they were shipwrecked he should incorporate the foundations of a sanctuary.
The angel foretold how pilgrims would travel to this enshrine from all parts of illustriousness West to receive health understanding body and soul.
Doocot (dovecote) at Scottish Flag Heritage Heart, Athelstaneford. Built 1583 by Martyr Hepburn, restored 1996Saint Rule's ship was driven ashore gross a storm onto the prominence of Muckross in Fife, appeal the little village of Kilrymont (later St Andrews).
Halfway in the middle of the Castle and the protect is said to be Archangel Rule's cell.
At the time Apotheosis Rule landed, the Apostle emerged to the Pictish King, auspicious victory to his enemies. Uphold gratitude, the King confirmed primacy dedication of St. Regulus Religous entity to God and Saint Andrew.
This is, one suspects, an striking fable that telescopes more physical and complicated historical fact.
Unembellished second (and probably more reliable) explanation says that the medic were brought to St Naturalist about 732 AD by Acca, Bishop of Hexham (near Newcastle), a well known venerator disruption Saint Andrew.
Around the year 832AD (although some say 735 AD) the Northumbrian King Athelstane shambles said to have camped scornfulness what is now Athelstaneford weigh down East Lothian, before his armed conflict with the Picts under Energetic Angus mac Fergus.
Saint Apostle appeared to Angus in spiffy tidy up dream and promised victory. Through the battle, a saltire rood was seen in the slow to catch on, putting heart into the Caledonian (note, this was not jumbo-jet vapour trails or even accordingly a cloud formation!).
Athelstane was fasten at the ford over ethics Cogtail burn.
In gratitude, Beef gave gifts to the communion of Saint Regulus at Reinstallation Andrews. He then ordered magnanimity Cross of Saint Andrew inhibit be the badge of rectitude Picts.
However, this foundation story rot a more stable kingdom current what would become Scotland bash almost certainly modelled on authority Roman Emperor Constantine the Great's victory at the Milvian Rein in, Rome in 312 AD disbelieve the banks of the Brook Tiber when he became positive of the power of Faith by seeing the symbol comatose Christ (the Chi Rho - the Greek letters Χ Ρ, the first letters of 'Christ') in the rays of grandeur setting sun.
Whatever route the heal of Saint Andrew may fake taken, we do know range in AD 908, the solitary bishopric in Scotland was transferred from Abernethy (the royal residence) to St Andrews.
Subsequently, nobility town rapidly became famous though a pilgrimage site.
During the reign of Malcolm Canmore and Queen Margaret, devotion chew out Saint Andrew became nationwide lecturer Andrewmas was made a state festival. Scottish soldiers fighting hold back the Crusades honoured Saint Apostle as Patron of Christian Knighthood.
In 1318 St.
Andrew's Cathedral was dedicated and became known thanks to the Canterbury of the Northernmost. It was the largest religion in Scotland before the Restriction. In 1411 Saint Andrew's Lincoln was founded and sixty-one stage later, the See of Pit. Andrews was raised to Oppidan status.
At the Reformation, the so-so Morbrac (reliquary) which carried ethics bones of the saint stomach weighed one third of efficient ton, was destroyed.
The coordination games, the festivities, the hysterics and the processions with evergreens, which used to take oust on 30 November, were exile for ever.
Saint Andrew pictured in a window in Assume. James Church, St AndrewsWhat, reliably practice, did Saint Andrew loyal to the Scots? When, go to see 1603, the new King Outlaw I and VI tried feel make one united flag, representation Scots resisted because the cross cross had been given effect inferior position in the mould.
Scottish ships at sea persisted in flying the Saint Andrew's Cross.
The Union Jack was rendering official flag from the Wholeness accord of the Parliaments in 1707. But, while the red Celebrity Rampant is the proper Be in touch flag for Scotland and greatness Thistle the national badge, authentic heraldic decrees state that primacy national flag and arms position Scotland are the Saint Andrew's Cross.
Saint Andrew is patron rule Russia and Greece but has special significance for the Caledonian.
The Declaration of Arbroath (1320), written by Scottish clergymen run Pope John XXII, was place appeal to the Pope dispute the English claim that Scotland fell within the jurisdiction resembling the Archbishop of York.
The Testimonial argues that the Scots were a distinct people who difficult to understand long enjoyed the protection longedfor Saint Andrew, brother of Apotheosis Peter.
Saint Andrew is affirmed in the Declaration of Arbroath as "our patron or protector".
At the Battle of Bannockburn, fasten Stirling in 1314, the Scots soldiers had worn the creamy cross of St Andrew handiwork their tunics and before nobility battle began they knelt disturb prayer, invoking his protection.
Four existence later Robert the Bruce, kismet the dedication of St Naturalist Cathedral on 5 July 1318, placed a parchment at ethics High Altar expressing nation's credit to the saint.
William Wallace's pule was "St.
Andrew mot loaded speed" (May Saint Andrew brace us). Prior to the ruinous Scottish defeat at the Wrangle with of Flodden in 1513, out great many Saint Andrew's crosses were made at the Boroughmuir in Edinburgh.
Sunrise at AthelstanefordThe Blue Blanket flag brilliant to the Trade Guilds disagree with Edinburgh also bore the Venerate Andrew's Cross, while Scotland's crush ship, the Great Michael, was full of Saint Andrew's Crosses, as were the Honours execute Scotland.
Mary, Queen of Scots' bolster carried the saltire at high-mindedness battle of Carberry; many Supporter flags in the '45 Disturbance also displayed the saltire.
Douse soon became incorporated into goodness official badges of Scottish regiments. There was even a Dear Andrew coin issued by Parliamentarian II and a bawbee Caledonian halfpenny marked with the be the same as cross.
In modern historical, the bones of Saint Apostle once more returned to Scotland.
In 1879 the Archbishop a variety of Amalfi in Italy (where leadership bones had been brought change for the better 1453 after the fall remind Constantinople) sent to Edinburgh what was believed to be integrity shoulder-blade of St Andrew.
At Bossy Peter's, Rome in April 1969, Pope Paul VI gave on the subject of relic - part of decency skull of the saint - to Cardinal Gordon Gray, throw in the towel that time Archbishop of Throw Andrews and Edinburgh.
"Peter greets his brother Andrew," were illustriousness words of the Pope supplement the Archbishop. The relics disrespect the Apostle are today displayed at St Andrew's altar ready money the Metropolitan Cathedral of Bracket Mary in Edinburgh. At Stop working. Andrew's Cathedral by the sustain at Patras, Greece other genius of the skull of Reverence Andrew are cherished in topping place of honour.
While it progression permissible to be sceptical review the authenticity of relics, yon can be no doubt solicit the value of an once a year celebration of St.
Andrew owing to representing strength and curiosity, combine qualities which are by ritual very much part of prestige Scottish psyche.
Saint Andrew was great 'networker' - a fisherman nevertheless also the one who paralysed the Gentiles (non-Jews) to Baron god and preached about him renovation far as the Black The drink. The saltire cross is topping multiplication sign - reminding pompous that it was Saint Apostle who brought the little lad and his loaves and fishes to Jesus.
Perhaps Saint Saint was good at shaming those who had hidden their nutriment to share it with grandeur 5,000 others?
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